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Colour scales refer to the representation of a range of colors that typically indicate variations in data or values. They are often used in visualizations such as heat maps, charts, and graphs to provide clear insights into complex information. Colour scales can be sequential, diverging, or categorical, depending on the data’s nature and how the colors are intended to be interpreted. Sequential scales are used for data that progresses from low to high, diverging scales highlight variations from a mid-point, and categorical scales differentiate distinct categories. Effective use of color scales can enhance understanding and improve the effectiveness of data presentation.