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Axes refer to the lines that define the dimensions of a graph or geometric space. In mathematics and physics, an axis typically represents a line about which a geometric object rotates or a line along which values are measured. For example, in a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, there are two axes: the x-axis (horizontal) and the y-axis (vertical). The axes help to locate points in a plane by defining their coordinates. In more complex systems, like three-dimensional space, an additional z-axis is used. Axes can also apply in various contexts such as in data representation in graphs or in statistics, where they help to illustrate relationships between variables.